As Media Internet Communications
Studies of communication science also includes the study of the mass media, where the mass media in Indonesia in the last decade has developed very rapidly. Changes in the mass media, both print and electronic mass media, slowly in order inevitably reach a point where everything is transformed into a digital format.
This can be seen with some print media such as magazines and newspapers began publishing its editions via the World Wide Web or CD ROM included in every edition of the publication.
Shape changes in the media environment are legion, in certain respects, very remarkable.
The use of other media that is still relatively new, such as computers and Internet media began to explore various circles in Indonesia, ranging from children to adults. The impact is people spend more time communicating with others by using the chat room (chat room) on the computer, and the game of virtual world (virtual) gave a new dimension of experience and satisfaction for users.
Even the mobile phone companies such as GSM and CDMA develop their networks and services with a GPRS, 3G, HSDPA, EVDO and so on as its Internet service. Then the use of the internet increasingly impractical because it does not need any cable telecommunications network (Telkom).
More recently the United States reached a point where computer sales are higher than television (Powell, 1995). In addition, research shows that the use of personal computers began mangambil over the role of television (Lieberman, 1995).
It seems that we quickly move on to the concept of active users, multimedia, the new communication environment. One characteristic of the new media environment is the recognition that all the information is the same-everything digital (Powell).
Typically, a new communications technology can not completely replace old technology, but it may cause the old technology take on a new role. For example, the television did not substitutes radio, but the radio system brings new programming, including talk shows and music format specific.
One of the new technological changes that lead into question the definition of the communication itself. Definition of mass communication which previously was clear enough, which can be defined in three characteristics:
1. Mass communication is directed to an audience that is relatively large, heterogeneous and anonymous
2. The messages are disseminated in general, often scheduled to reach as many members of the audience simultaneously and temporary.
3. Communicators tend to be or operate in a complex organization that may require huge costs. (Wright, 1959).
But the Internet, newsgroups, mailing lists, talks on the radio inviting telephone listeners, the World Wide Web, cable television, multi-channel, and books that attach computer disks, which can not be categorized easily if they are included in mass communication or not ,
Currently the media is categorized as a new media environment, where some of the characteristics of the new media environment is as follows (McManus, 1994):
1. Technology that used to separate and apart such as printing and broadcasting are now joined.
2. We're shifting from the scarcity of media toward rich media.
3. We are experiencing a shift from collective udiens mass satisfaction leads to the satisfaction of the group or individual.
4. We are experiencing a shift from one-way media to interactive media.
Even teachers juralisme Richard Cole argues: "The differences between media become vague. The newspapers are becoming more like magazines and broadcasting "(Fonti, 1995).
The development of the Internet very quickly end up being the most important part in the economic field. Nowadays e-commerce (commerce via the Internet) began to play an important role in our lives. A study conducted by the University of Texas in 1999 showed that e-commerce becomes a major force in our society.
A total of $ 350 billion is allocated for the Internet economy in 1998 (Gloss, 1999). In just five years since the introduction of the Word Wide Web, parallel to the Intenet economic sector, which has no such energy ($ 223 billion), automobiles (4350 billion), and telecommunications (4270 billion) (report Indicators, 1999).
Internet is basically a network of inter-computer interrelated. This network is available on an ongoing basis as electronic messages, including e-mail, file transmission and two-way communication between individuals or computers.
Internet as a network in the Department of Defense and Communications Scientific existing for about 20 years. What makes the network suddenly attractive to the novice user was the discovery in 1993 Mosaic, a browser for the World Wide Web that has made the Internet resources more accessible (Maney, 1995).